साचा:Cite web
This template is used to cite online sources in Wikibooks books. {{Cite news}} can also be used when citing a news source.
Usage[संपादन]
Note: None of the parameters should be capitalized, in order to avoid the article being tagged as having a broken citation. For example, use "url", "title", etc. - not "URL", "Title", etc.
Common forms with authors in any format[संपादन]
Citations within a page should use consistent formats. However, there is no consensus about which format is best. The following examples are for citations where one or more authors are listed in a single |author=authors parameter, using any format. Also shown below are three separate date formats that are commonly used in Wikibooks:
- Day Month Year
{{cite web |url= |title= |author= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=२० एप्रिल २०२४}}
- Month Day, Year
{{cite web |url= |title= |author= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=एप्रिल २०, २०२४}}
- YYYY-MM-DD
{{cite web |url= |title= |author= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=२०२४-०४-२०}}
Common forms with last1, first1; last2, first2[संपादन]
The examples below will suffice for up to two authors each with first and last names; for more, just create more parameters in a similar style:
- Day Month Year
{{cite web |url= |title= |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=२० एप्रिल २०२४}}
- Month Day, Year
{{cite web |url= |title= |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=एप्रिल २०, २०२४}}
- YYYY-MM-DD
{{cite web |url= |title= |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=२०२४-०४-२०}}
All parameters[संपादन]
When copying all parameters in either the vertical or horizontal layouts, delete those which are not needed.
- All parameters, horizontal layout
{{cite web |url= |title= |first= |last= |author= |authorlink= |coauthors= |date= |month= |year= |work= |publisher= |location= |page= |pages= |at= |language= |trans_title= |format= |doi= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |accessdate= |quote= |ref= |separator= |postscript= }}
- All parameters, vertical layout
{{cite web
| url =
| title =
| first =
| last =
| author =
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| date =
| month =
| year =
| work =
| publisher =
| location =
| page =
| pages =
| at =
| language =
| trans_title =
| format =
| doi =
| archiveurl =
| archivedate =
| accessdate =
| quote =
| ref =
| separator =
| postscript =
}}
Required parameters[संपादन]
- url: URL of online item. Start the url with the communications protocol, e.g. http://.
- title: Title of online item. This title will appear as the citation itself, hyperlinked to the URL.
Optional parameters[संपादन]
- author parameters
- author
- last works with first to produce
last, first - authorlink works either with author or with last & first to link to the appropriate Wikipedia article. Does not work with URLs.
- last1, first1, ..., last9, first9 and optionally authorlink1, ..., authorlink9 for specifying more authors (note: last1, first1 and authorlink1 are synonyms for last, first and authorlink, so use either last1 or last, not both)
- coauthors: alternate way of specifying additional authors
- a date parameter
- either date: Full date of publication. Should not be wikilinked.
- or year: Year of publication, and month: Name of the month of publication. If you also have the day, use date instead. Should not be wikilinked.
- format: Format, e.g. PDF. HTML implied if not specified.
- work: If this item is part of a larger "work", such as a book, periodical or website, write the name of that work. Do not italicize; the software will do so automatically.
- publisher: Publisher, if any—for example if the website is hosted by a government service, educational institution, or company. (The publisher is not usually the name of the website, that is usually the work).
- location: Geographical place of publication.
- a page parameter
- either page: Page number if a multi-page web article and referencing a single page. "page=5" produces p. 5.
- or pages: Page numbers if a multi-page web article and referencing more than one page. "pages=5–7" produces pp. 5–7. This is for listing the pages relevant to the citation, not a total number of pages.
- or at: When the page prefix is unwanted. "at=Table 5" produces Table 5.
- language: language of publication (don't specify "English" as this is the default).
- trans_title: A translated title of the article, in case the original title is in a foreign language. Would normally be used in conjunction with the 'language' parameter.
- doi: A digital object identifier for the document, such as 10.1038/news070508-7
- Doilabel: If the doi contains some characters that must be escaped, use "doilabel" for the unescaped version.
- archive parameters (if used, must be used both of them together)
- archiveurl: The URL of an archived copy of the page, if (or in case) the url becomes unavailable. Typically used to refer to services like WebCite and Archive.org.
- archivedate: Date when the item was archived. Should not be wikilinked.
- accessdate: Full date when item was accessed. Should not be wikilinked. This should be given if the publication date is unknown.
- quote: Relevant quote from online item.
- ref: ID for anchor. By default, no anchor is generated. The ordinary nonempty value
|ref=IDgenerates an anchor with the givenID; such a linkable reference can be made the target of wikilinks to full references, especially useful in short citations like shortened notes and parenthetical referencing. The special value|ref=harvgenerates an anchor suitable for the {{harv}} template; see anchors for Harvard referencing templates. - separator / postscript: The punctuation to use between fields / at the end of the citation
Duplicate periods[संपादन]
By default, {{cite web}} separates some fields with periods, so don't encode those fields ending with a period or a duplicate period will be added. Example: "publisher=Camelot, Inc" will correctly show as Camelot, Inc. but "publisher=Camelot, Inc." will incorrectly show as Camelot, Inc..
Examples[संपादन]
- Some standard use cases
{{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II |author=Doe, John |publisher=Open Publishing |date=30 April 2005 |work=Encyclopedia of Things |accessdate=6 July 2005 }}
→ Doe, John (30 April 2005). "My Favorite Things, Part II". Encyclopedia of Things. Open Publishing. 6 July 2005 रोजी पाहिले.
{{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II |author=Doe, John |date=30 April 2005 |work=Encyclopedia of things |accessdate=6 July 2005 }}
→ Doe, John (30 April 2005). "My Favorite Things, Part II". Encyclopedia of Things. 6 July 2005 रोजी पाहिले.
{{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II |author=Doe, John |date=30 April 2005 |accessdate=6 July 2005 }}
→ Doe, John (30 April 2005). "My Favorite Things, Part II". 6 July 2005 रोजी पाहिले.
{{cite web ||url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II author=Doe, John |accessdate=6 July 2005 }}
→ Doe, John. "My Favorite Things, Part II". 6 July 2005 रोजी पाहिले.
{{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II |accessdate=6 July 2005 }}
→ "My Favorite Things, Part II". 6 July 2005 रोजी पाहिले.
{{cite web |url=http://www.nfl.com/rulebook/digestofrules |title=Digest of Rules |publisher=National Football League |accessdate=6 July 2005 }}
→ "Digest of Rules". National Football League. 6 July 2005 रोजी पाहिले.
- Using format
{{cite web |url=http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf |title=List of psychotropic substances under international control |publisher=International Narcotics Control Board |format=PDF |accessdate=July 6, 2005 }}
→ "List of psychotropic substances under international control" (PDF). International Narcotics Control Board. July 6, 2005 रोजी पाहिले.
- Foreign language and translated title
{{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Honni soit qui mal y pense |author=Joliet, François |date=30 April 2005 |accessdate=6 July 2005 |language=French |trans_title=Shame on those who think evil }}
→ Joliet, François (30 April 2005). "Honni soit qui mal y pense" (French भाषेत). 6 July 2005 रोजी पाहिले. Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (सहाय्य)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- coauthors
{{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Our Favorite Things |first=John |last=Doe |coauthors=Smith, Peter; Smythe, Jim |publisher=Open Publishing |date=30 April 2005 |work=Encyclopedia of Things |accessdate=16 May 2006 }}
→ Doe, John (30 April 2005). "Our Favorite Things". Encyclopedia of Things. Open Publishing. 16 May 2006 रोजी पाहिले. Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (सहाय्य)
{{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Our Favorite Things |first=John |last=Doe |coauthors=Peter Smith; Jim Smythe |publisher=Open Publishing |date=30 April 2005 |work=Encyclopedia of Things |accessdate=16 May 2006 }}
→ Doe, John (30 April 2005). "Our Favorite Things". Encyclopedia of Things. Open Publishing. 16 May 2006 रोजी पाहिले. Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (सहाय्य)
- No author
{{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Index of Sharp Things |publisher=Open Publishing |date=30 April 2005 |work=Encyclopedia of Things |accessdate=16 May 2006 }}
→ "Index of Sharp Things". Encyclopedia of Things. Open Publishing. 30 April 2005. 16 May 2006 रोजी पाहिले.
- No author, no publisher
This abbreviated format should only be used when the editor cannot determine the publisher and author.
{{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Index of Sharp Things |date=30 April 2005 |work=Encyclopedia of Things |accessdate=6 July 2005 }}
→ "Index of Sharp Things". Encyclopedia of Things. 30 April 2005. 6 July 2005 रोजी पाहिले.
{{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Index of Sharp Things |date=30 April 2005 |accessdate=6 July 2005}}
→ "Index of Sharp Things". 30 April 2005. 6 July 2005 रोजी पाहिले.
{{cite web |url=http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf |title=List of psychotropic substances under international control |date=30 April 2005 |format=PDF |accessdate=July 6, 2005 |language=Greek }}
→ "List of psychotropic substances under international control" (PDF) (Greek भाषेत). 30 April 2005. July 6, 2005 रोजी पाहिले.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- Using "archiveurl" and "archivedate" for webpages that have been archived
{{cite web |url=http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf |title=List of psychotropic substances under international control |date=30 April 2005 |format=PDF |accessdate=July 6, 2005 |archiveurl=http://www.archive.org/2005-09-11/www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf |archivedate=2005-09-11 }}
→ "List of psychotropic substances under international control" (PDF). 30 April 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2005-09-11. July 6, 2005 रोजी पाहिले.
{{cite web |url=http://joanjettbadrep.com/cgi-bin/fullStory.cgi?archive=currnews&story=20060405-01shore.htm |title=Interview with Maggie Downs |date=2006-03-31 |publisher=The Desert Sun |archiveurl=http://archive.org/search?q=cache:JAxf4v-pQmgJ:joanjettbadrep.com/cgi-bin/fullStory.cgi%3Farchive%3Dcurrnews%26story%3D20060405-01shore.htm |archivedate=2006-04-26 }}
→ "Interview with Maggie Downs". The Desert Sun. 2006-03-31. Archived from the original on 2006-04-26.
- Using "quote"
{{cite web |url=http://www.webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/c.html |title=Daylight saving time: rationale and original idea |work=WebExhibits |date=2008 |accessdate=2009-09-27 |quote=... Lord Balfour came forward with a unique concern: 'Supposing some unfortunate lady was confined with twins ...' }}
→ "Daylight saving time: rationale and original idea". WebExhibits. 2008. 2009-09-27 रोजी पाहिले.... Lord Balfour came forward with a unique concern: 'Supposing some unfortunate lady was confined with twins ...'